and Loss. Copyright Ancient Code. Mark, published on 06 October 2021. Their participation in creation is given in another version, however, where the Orisha Obatala separates the land from the waters and Olodumare then sends down 17 Orishas to complete the work. Yoruba mythology states that Olodumare is the most powerful god. Oshun can be spiteful, Shango impatient, Esu deceitful, Yemaya wrathful, and so on. In this way, he is certainly a difficult teacher, but in the end, is usually found to be a good one. Who is the strongest Yoruba god? Jhonfrank Snchez is a Venezuelan writer and Literature major interested in studying ancient civilizations, history, symbolism, and how they have shaped modern thought. Copyright Symbol Sage 2022 All Rights Reserved. Brazil, Cuba, Haiti, Jamaica, Trinidad, and Tobago are the Americas countries where Yoruba cultural influences are the most noticeable, particularly in popular religions like Vodon, Santria, Camdombl, and Macumba. He inspires humans to overcome their physical and psychological barriers which impede their growth. The Orishas Gods GET BOOK Download The Orishas Gods Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle Millions of people worldwide have been inspired by the Yoruba people, their culture, and their teachings. You are already subscribed to our newsletter! In Yoruba mythology, Erinle, also called Inle, was a hunter (or sometimes an herbalist) that took the first king of Ilobu to where the first town was destined to be founded. These Are The 10 Avatars Of Vishnu, One Of The Main Ancient Hindu Deities, 14 Massive Monoliths Of The Ancient World, Sky Cars Are Here and Some Look Like a Flying Saucer. Orisha (also given as Orisa and Orishas) are supernatural entities usually referred to as deities in the Yoruba religion of West Africa, though they are actually emanations or avatars of the supreme being Olodumare. However, despite their divine status and remarkable powers, not all the orishas have the same origin. The male Orishas return to Olodumare to confess their failure. Using these sacred materials, he created fields, forests, hills, and valleys. No division in Yorubaland, YorubaKoya commends Ooni, Akintoye, Igboho, others. We contribute a share of our revenue to remove carbon from the atmosphere and we offset our team's carbon footprint. In another story, the Orishas refuse to obey Olodumare anymore because they want the power to run the world as they see fit without consulting anyone else. Each orisha has its own powers and domains of authority. He takes an active role in the affairs of both heaven and earth. Ayao by Navate The high gods of the Yoruba are called Orishas (ancestral spirits or nature gods the Yorubas worship). Yoruba gods and goddesses. Whether the Orishas then decided to participate in creation is not addressed. She is kind and generous to her followers, but when brought to anger she can cause untold destruction. Golgotha Cross What Is It and What Does It Mean? In the social and cultural environments of the Americas, the orisha concept underwent some subtle but significant changes. Its worth noticing that, in the case of certain Yoruba divinities, these categories can be overlapped. Some of these divinities are regarded as primordial spirits. Associated with Ifa, Orunmila is considered both the personification of human fate and prophecy. Primordial deities are considered emanations of Olodumare and have existed since before the world was created. He created the Orishas to be mediators between himself and the people. Erinle by Mod Nomad Shango was linked with Saint Barbara who is invoked for help in thunderstorms but is also the patron saint of artillerymen and so linked to war. Its noteworthy that Aja is one of the few Yoruba divinities that present herself to mortals in her human form to offer help, instead of trying to scare them. Get or read online Knowing The Orisha Gods Goddesses books directly on your Knowing The Orisha Gods Goddesses Book PDF | Download Or Read Online The Nigerian scholar J. Omosade Awolalu divided the orishas into three categories: primordial divinities, deified ancestors, and personified natural forces and phenomena. Two gods rule over both these primordial realms. She holds the secrets of botany and is a master of potions and healing herbs. 16 Orishas are male and the 17th, Oshun, is not only female but the youngest among them. Each orisha has its own powers and domains of authority. The creator of mankind, and god of purity and redemption, Obatala is a great example of how the orishas can sometimes show proof of a fallible, human-like character. After passing on his secrets and guiding humanity for many years, Ogun grew old. In the Yoruba tradition these were individuals who were able to establish control over a natural force and make a bond of interdependence with it, attracting its beneficent action toward themselves and their people while sending its destructive aspects onto enemies. Her first children were the cosmic twins Mawu (Moon Goddess) and Lisa (Sun God) who were said to be the first man and woman. It is said their scars strike fear into their enemy, who see the scars of Kokou as a sign of their potency. And a third category is constituted by the orishas that impersonate natural forces. Ancient Code is a website founded in 2012 that covers articles and scientific discoveries that help understand humanitys past, present, and future. However, despite his mistake, Obatala redeemed himself by taking on the task of creating the human race. Eshu is also considered the embodiment of change, and as such, the Yoruba people believe he could bring them both happiness and destruction. The word orisha is related to several other Yoruba words referring to the head. Orunmila is also the orisha of divination or Ifa. He is often viewed as a solitary figure who lives in the wilderness, practicing the ancient craft of shamanism. Please support World History Encyclopedia. The Orishas are proud of their plan but forgot to include Esu (also known as Eshu and Elegua, the messenger god who presides over doorways, crossroads, and change) in what they were doing. WebOrisha embodies. Web. Keep reading to know more about them. As a water divinity, Erinle is believed to reside at the places where his river meets the sea. In some tales, she is said to be a mermaid. Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Our mission is to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Very often, Orunmila is depicted as a sage. Olodumare releases the rains, heals Oshun, and declares her the only Orisha always welcome to bring messages to Orun. A collection of these objects, even if it is not permanent, constitutes an altar where the orisha is present and can be addressed through prayers and offerings. In one tale, the Orishas gather to discuss how they can rid themselves of Olodumare and decide to scare him to death by inviting him to one of their huts and then releasing mice, which Olodumare was afraid of, into the room at dinner. Eventually, the god made his mind up and explained to the orishas that, on a certain day, he would ascend to the sky to pour down his divine gifts, so each orisha would be responsible for catching his or her own special ability. The seven most popular Orishas are Esu, Ogun, Obatala, Yemaya, Oshun, Shango, and Oya. The earth begins to die as crops fail and lakes and rivers dry up, and the Orishas wail their repentance, but Olodumare does not hear them. Moreover, if a human was taken away by the goddess and returned, its believed that this person would have returned as a trained jujuman; which is the name given to high priests in many parts of West Africa. This is the case of Yemoja, also called Yemaya, who is considered both a primordial deity and the personification of a natural force. Among them are the earth; rivers, lakes, and lagoons; and mountains, certain trees, and the wind. On the same level as the Orisha are the Ajogun, who are difficult to define but are often associated with the Western concept of a demon. He taught his followers the secrets of civilization (fire, smithing, hunting, politics, and war). WebThe reciprocity of service between gods and humans is essen- tially the giving of strength, the renewal of ase to the orisa through blood sacrifice of animals designated as belonging to a specific deity. Article written by Simon E. Davies, Contributor to Ancient Code. Mark, Joshua J.. An Orisha is a God or a Goddess from the Yoruba Religion and Mythology. Essentially, Orishas represent the powers of nature, as well as time, life, death, and rebirth. There are several stories regarding how the deification of Erinle occurred. Via the qualities of the Orishas as universal celestial powers, this way of life was attained. In this context the altar may be referred to as the orisha or as the orishas face. Originally their gods represented the raw elements of nature, such as rivers, storms, and forests, but with the advent of farming, metallurgy and city building, the Yoruban gods took on a more anthropomorphic appearance. Sometimes, a Yoruba divinity can fit simultaneously into more than one orisha category. The best one could do, then, was pray to Olodumare through the Orishas for the strength to endure and try to prevail in a world where one does not always get what one wants and, even when one does, it can completely fail to live up to expectations. Oshun is the goddess of love, intimacy, and marriage. WebOshun, also spelled Osun, an orisha (deity) of the Yoruba people of southwestern Nigeria. WebOrishas (singular: orisha) are spirits that play a key role in the Yoruba religion of West Africa and several religions of the African diaspora that derive from it, such as Cuban, Dominican and Puerto Rican Santera and Brazilian Candombl. Orunmila - spirit of wisdom, divination, destiny, and foresight Cite This Work These West African faiths may also have the most intricate theologies. In the modern day, people invoke the Orishas in personal or communal rituals for spiritual strength, enlightenment, or assistance in daily challenges. He can see into the distant past and the far-flung future, granting him with a profound wisdom. On this page, Ill present you all you need to know about Orishas and how to understand them in and out from their original context the Yoruba Religion. As a result, the plants died, and water bodies dried up. This is why today Shango is widely worshipped in other religions, including Cuban Santeria, Haitian Vodou, and Brazilian Candomble. As master of the deep, he has a great insight into the mysteries of nature. The witnessing object for the ori-inu is a shrine for the head called ile ori (house of the head), a pointed crownlike container covered with cowrie shells, whose white colour indicates purity and good character. She passed this skill to the Yoruban people, who practice her craft to this very day. In isolation he learned humility, becoming Babal-Ay. They are forced to return to Olodumare and admit their failure and are asked what happened to the 17th who was sent with them. Olodumare demanded to know who had done this, and Esu pointed out the guilty who were swiftly punished. Oshun is commonly called the river orisha, or goddess, in the Yoruba religion and is typically associated with water, purity, fertility, love, and sensuality. The heaven realm is the domain of Olorun, a sun god. Afterward, those with lighter skin complained they were not darker, and those with darker skin wanted to be lighter, the poor robbed the rich, and the rich enacted laws against the poor, resources were gathered and defended by one people against another, and there was want and starvation, war and privation. Each human is also thought to have an Ayanmo (fate), self-chosen before birth but forgotten once one is born, which one must realize in the course of ones life. The Orishas return to earth and apologize to Oshun who finishes creation with the gifts of beauty, fertility, love, and sweetness, instilling the need for these things in all people everywhere who had been given life through the breath of Olodumare. The Yoruba people occupy southwestern Nigeria. Finally, there is Eshu, a trickster God, and patron of crossroads. The Orishas wailed in repentance in vain. Their number is usually given as 400 + 1 as a kind of shorthand for "without number" or innumerable. He has been wrongfully portrayed, by early missionaries to West Africa and in the African Diaspora, as a distant but powerful God whose endeavors and dwellings are obscure. Download Knowing the Orisha Gods and Goddesses Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle. Olodumare sent them back to earth to apologize to Oshun because only she could complete the work. Mawu was also a creative goddess, who was tasked with fashioning all other life on Earth. In some tales, she is said to be a mermaid. Ogun was linked with Saint Peter because of his association with strength as Peter was known as the 'rock' upon which Jesus Christ would build his church. In the original African belief system from which Santeria originates, there are hundreds of orishas . Just as the physical head perches atop the body, the ori-inu stands over and rules, guides, and controls a persons actions. Those who worship him often seek personal empowerment, in order to make themselves better leaders. After Orisha Obatala separated the land from the waters, Oshun was the only female among the 17 Orishas Olodumare sent down to complete the work. The Yoruba creation story, like many others, has different versions. This list includes the major Orishas honored in the United States, according to scholars and practitioners. Traditional religion and Islam dominated Nigeria before the colonial era. Some of these divinities are regarded as primordial spirits. When associated with the latter, Eshu is the deity of mischief. Some of them are known as ara urun, meaning people of heaven, where they are believed to reside. This beautifully illustrated exploration of Afro-Brazilian spirituality introduces you to the gods of the African diaspora known as the Orishas. These Are The 10 Avatars Of Vishnu, One Of The Main Ancient Hindu Deities, 14 Massive Monoliths Of The Ancient World. The number of Orishas is most often given as 400+1 to suggest how limitless they are. The Orisha deities now enjoy a global following, flourishing in many parts of Africa, South America, and the Caribbean. The Supreme God has three manifestations: These are the major orisha worshipped in Santera / Regla de Ocha / Lucum religion: As one can see, Babal-Ay (whom "Ricky Ricardo" sings to in his famous song) is a very lesser deity in Afro-Hispanic worship. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. The Supreme Deity of the Yoruba is called Oldmar. Last modified October 06, 2021. WebThe Supreme God has three manifestations: Olodumare - The Lord God of the Source of Creation; Olorun - The Lord God of Heaven; Olofi - The Lord God of the Palace, conduit between Orn (Heaven) and Ay (Earth). Despite the ascendance of Christianity and Islam, many Yoruba and other West Africans still turn to the orishas for help, aid, and advice in the great and small problems of life. The worship of other deified ancestors, however, remained confined to the towns where it originated, even sometimes restricted to particular families or lineages. The Yoruba religion comprises religious & spiritual concepts/teachings, the Yoruba mythology/history, and the people's practices. There is always the other partthe part of the natural force that can be explored but never completely known, the aspect of nature that will always remain wild and escape definition. Belief in the Orishas is thought to have developed between 500-300 BCE but is most likely much older, as this dating is supported by archaeological evidence and there are many West African sites still unexcavated. Olorun by Sanjana Baijnath This worship was passed on from one generation to the next. She works closely with Osain and is a fierce warrior. In the Orishas case, Olodumare had allowed life to continue as it had before, but the supreme deity had made clear to humanity that, once they chose inequality as the basis of their existence, they could not go back to their former lives. Oshun was associated with Our Lady of Mercy. Orunmila - spirit of wisdom, divination, destiny, and foresight Her masquerades include the making of offerings as well as the honoring of ancestors in thanks for past and future aid. Obatalas story can also be used to explain the divine origin of human fallibility. Oshun is commonly called the river orisha, or goddess, in the Yoruba religion and is typically associated with water, purity, fertility, love, and sensuality. Such a disappearance was not true death; rather, it was the occasion of the ancestors metamorphosis into an orisha. His formidable power and has empowered humans to build civilizations and thrive from his wealth and abundance. WebOshun, also spelled Osun, an orisha (deity) of the Yoruba people of southwestern Nigeria. People felt they could talk to the Orishas freely because the Orishas understood their problems, weaknesses, pains, and fears. Keep reading to get acquainted with Yoruba mythology, the most mysterious phenomenon of Yoruba culture. In West African religions and in traditions that have been influenced by them, primordial divinities are those that existed long before the creation of the world as it is now known. Transmission of orisha beliefs outside Africa, Contemporary practices of orisha devotees, Indiana University Bloomington Computer Science - The Orishas. Esu saved Olodumare and received the gift of becoming a trickster figure that can freely interfere with people's lives. Below is the Yoruba gods' family tree: The Yoruba creation story has different versions. Aje is the goddess of wealth and prosperity. It is understandable how one would conclude that Olodumare is too far away from human affairs for mortals to make contact, but at the same time, it should be recognized that each Orisha is an emanation of Olodumare and so the supreme being is aware of every prayer of thanks or supplication made to any Orisha. WebLooker Studio turns your data into informative dashboards and reports that are easy to read, easy to share, and fully customizable. Oduduwa joined with the humans and begat a new bloodline of kings (the Yoruba called him Ooni of Ife, the progenitor of the Yoruba people). He represents the power of fortune. There are many spirits of this kind, but some of them are so preeminent that they supersede all others; they too are orishas. The Orisha And The 12 Gods Of Yoruba Mythology. During his lifetime, he was married to three wives (Oshun, Oba, and Oya). Plants and animals, though at the bottom of the ladder, are not considered of less value than humans or ancestors, only less capable of agency. The Orisha And The 12 Gods Of Yoruba Mythology By Ancient Code Team - April 20, 2022 83 0 At the beginning of Yoruba mythology, the universe was composed of two elements, the ethereal sky above and a watery chaos below. He created the Orishas to be mediators between himself and the people. The Orisha And The 12 Gods Of Yoruba Mythology By Ancient Code Team - April 20, 2022 83 0 At the beginning of Yoruba mythology, the universe was composed of two elements, the ethereal sky above and a watery chaos below. Yemaya was linked with the V*irgin Mary, Our Lady of Regla, in Cuba. Nana Buluku by Mshindo9 (In 1989, it was believed that more than 70 million individuals in Africa and the New World participated in Yoruba religion in one way or another. "Orisha." Please select which sections you would like to print: Associate Medical Professor, City College of New York. To achieve this degree of control and interdependence, the ancestors made offerings and sacrifices. Oba by Marisol Machado Please note that some of these recommendations are listed under our old name, Ancient History Encyclopedia. 12 African Gods and Goddesses: The Orisha Pantheon Syed Rafid Kabir | African History , Ancient Civilizations , Gods and Goddesses | January 9, 2023 July 2, 2022 Lions, elephants, vast stretches of the jungle with venomous snakes, or an endless sea of sand stalked by nefarious scorpions. The Orisha began to lose patience with him, especially when he tried to infect them with smallpox after they laughed at his deplorable dancing skills. anting him with a profound wisdom. Yorubas believe that Olodumare created the Orishas and threw powers of dominion into the air. Due to 200 years of separation from the motherland, Lukum became a lexicon of words and is not a spoken language. Esu was rewarded with the gift of being able to do whatever he pleased, whenever he pleased, without restraint or consequences, enabling him to become a trickster figure who freely interferes in others lives (for reasons known only to him) encouraging transformation. Renewed and grateful deities in turn bless their supportive wor- These categories are not rigid, and in some cases they overlap. World History Publishing is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. He is known as the omnipotent ruler of the Yoruba pantheon, whose light brings life and vitality to all living things. The Sky god finished building the city of Ife and made himself the king of the Yoruba. Each orisha has its own powers and domains of authority. WebFREE DOWNLOAD Knowing The Orisha Gods Goddesses book in PDF, EPUB and Kindle format. An orisha may be said to be a deity. Please donate to our server cost fundraiser 2023, so that we can produce more history articles, videos and translations. The Orishas give people Ashe/Ase (life) and Ayanmo (fate). The Yoruba gods became more anthropomorphic due to the agriculture spread, metallurgy, and modernization. WebFREE DOWNLOAD Knowing The Orisha Gods Goddesses book in PDF, EPUB and Kindle format. Before the world was created the heaven realm is the goddess of love, intimacy, and in tales! Orishas and threw powers of dominion into the air to anger she can cause untold destruction to 200 of. Santeria originates, there is Eshu, a sun god failure and are asked What happened to next... Associate Medical Professor, City College of New York physical and psychological barriers which impede their growth lifetime, has. Was sent with them Cross What is It and What Does It Mean life, death and! From the atmosphere and we offset orisha gods and goddesses pdf team 's carbon footprint his mistake Obatala. 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