rolled major portions of the president's program through Congress in one bold sweep. The bitcoin bonds have been in the works since at least early 2022. A fabrication center produces approximately 101010 gauges per hour. Dont include personal or financial information like your National Insurance number or credit card details. They are run by a board elected by residents within the district. We use some essential cookies to make this website work. Local governments are the creation of the states. C) Reynolds v. Simms e. sensitivity to touch, taste, and odour. The funds were granted to: Auburn University: Auburn University received a $5,000 grant to support the Terracon Annual Graduate Award/Fellowship. Received a $24,000, 4%, 60-day note on account. President Obama refused to deport any undocumented immigrants while President Trump attempted to deport all undocumented immigrants. the regulatory power of the national government under the interstate commerce clause was so broad that there seemed no boundaries on national power. Born - Hiram Ulysses Grant Date and Place of Birth - April, 27, 1822, Point Pleasant, Ohio, U.S. Aug. 2. After Texas, Describe the Supreme Court's position on federalism from the founding of the republic to the present day. A) Rick Perry et al. The gauge cluster housings are transported five at a time. The Partnership for Health Act retained its original flexibility, but its impact waned when Congress, concerned about state administrative performance, created more than 20 new categorical grants for health services outside the block grant.23Dissatisfied with state administration of the Safe Streets program, Congress added mandatory set-asides and other requirements that reduced state flexibility and later terminated funding for the program.24, Third, implementation of new block grant programs tends to be smoother when states administered the categorical programs replaced by the block grant. If so, all people who meet state and federal eligibility requirements have a right to enroll in the program, and caseloads are likely to rise during recessionary periods. Verma has been trying to insert block grant language into. from the Union? p(x)=a+k(1ecx)(a,k,andcarepositiveconstants). Amendments to the Texas Constitution can address technical issues faced by state agencies and local governments. meet national goals, some people began calling our system a ________ federalism. During which president's administration did the federal government's power, especially with regard to the economy, increase the most? Which is a correct statement about the Tenth Amendment? According to one analysis based on CBO projections, total federal Medicaid funding between 2013 and 2022 would be $1.7 billion, or 38 percent, below the projected level under current law.38, Of the total, $932 billion would be attributed to the ACA repeal (assuming that all states otherwise would implement the planned Medicaid expansion) and $810 billion would be due to the block grant funding cap.39, Federal funding losses would vary from state to state, with states currently offering broad coverage and having lower federal matching ratios experiencing smaller reductions than states with narrower programs and higher federal matching ratios. a. spelling. C) Andrew Jackson Under the second scenario, the research team assumed that states would reduce the growth in per-person expenditures (thus mitigating the need for enrollment cuts) and apply these reductions proportionally across all eligibility groups to accommodate the loss of federal aid. The Tenth Amendment is also known as the states' rights amendment. B) enhanced the power of state governments over that of the federal government. Which of the following is a consequence of the elastic clause? Question 11 4 4 points The use of block grants allowing states considerable. The prevailing block grant data are shown in the Estimates publications on a 'for information' basis. To help us improve GOV.UK, wed like to know more about your visit today. A) True Block grant advocates view block grants as a means to increase government efficiency and program effectiveness by redistributing power and accountability through decentralization and partial devolution of decision-making authority from the federal government to state and local Over the last 20 years, I have championed positive and sustainable change in both public policy and private sector practice. C) creative federalism. B) the Seventeenth Amendment Q19: The U.S. Constitution created a system of government where both the federal and state governments are sovereign. According to the Tenth Amendment, any powers not delegated to the national government by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states. The Mexican War of Independence against ___________ grew out of the __________. Texas sued the Obama administration 46 times. To mark the beginning of the school year, the President, the First Lady, Dr. Jill Biden, and Secretary Arne Duncan will travel across the country in the coming days to highlight the need for affordable, quality career and education choices for students and to discuss some of the many ways the Administration is . Finally in the mid-1990s, President Clinton signed into law a welfare reform measure repealing the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program and replacing it with a state block grant program called Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF). Local governments are the creation of the states. You can change your cookie settings at any time. Browse a list of available government grants and see if you're eligible to apply for them. the federal government's authority to regulate international and interstate commerce bestowed on it some power to regulate intrastate commerce. Most Famous For - Commanding General of All Union Soldiers during the Civil War; 18 th President of the United States Parents - Jesse Root Grant and Hannah Simpson Grant Siblings - Simpson, Orvil, Jennie, Clara, and Mary mKs]v13(\:?XBsV;7'}G%}G0] irD$. In ________, the Supreme Court held that segregated public schools were inherently unequal. to approve any changes that certain states wanted to make to their voting laws. Block grants have been a part of the American federal system since 1966. In which 1989 court case did the Texas Supreme Court unanimously declare that the huge disparities between rich and poor school districts were unacceptable and order changes in the financing of Texas's public schools? When adding a risky asset to a portfolio of many risky assets, which property of the asset Multiple Choice Q18 The U.S. Constitution created a system of government where both the federal and state governments are sovereign. During which president's administration did the federal government's power, especially with regard to the economy, increase the most? A block grant is a large sum of federal money given by Congress to a state or local government to fund a "block" of programs. And with fixed funding levels, block grants create a powerful incentive. a. Use this service to find a list of available grants offered by the government. The law enforcement budget at a county level is approved by the. 875 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<20571D0D1D54714D9D4F5A9CADF3010A>]/Index[864 21]/Info 863 0 R/Length 66/Prev 640994/Root 865 0 R/Size 885/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream ScribeAmerica Class 2 - Emergency Medicine, Perspective critique du genre en mdecine, Texas Government Quiz Questions that will be, Texas Government (Quiz 2 Questions that will, Government in America: Elections and Updates Edition, George C. Edwards III, Martin P. Wattenberg, Robert L. Lineberry, Christina Dejong, Christopher E. Smith, George F Cole, BIOLOGY HONORS SEMESTER 2 FINALS KAHOOT REVIEW. In 1996, President Bill Clinton worked with Republicans in Congress to convert the . The use of block grants, allowing states considerable leeway in how federal money is spent, was championed by President ________ under the name New Federalism. Per capita expenditures on behalf of seniors and people with disabilities are at least five times higher than per capita expenditures on behalf of children and nondisabled adults.49A per capita cap based on historical expenditure data will tend to understate the real costs of serving the growing number of aging Baby Boomers and people with disabilities. C) Edgewood v. SAISD into nine block grants. In Wickard v. Filburn, the Supreme Court decided that D) reduced the power of the federal government at the expense of the state governments. imposed on them by the federal government? C) the federal government had authority to regulate only interstate commerce, not international commerce. states. % v. Holder This type of law to A) supported the authority of the federal government over that of state governments. States with comparatively low Medicaid spending per beneficiary would receive less initial federal funding and, thus, would have to finance any subsequent improvements in their Medicaid programs out of state general revenue. If you live outside city limits, water, sewage, sanitation, and electricity services are offered by. Block Grant: Money that is awarded, or granted , by a national government to state and local officials. A) True Assume the lines operate independently. You have rejected additional cookies. A. the inflation rate only B. the unemployment rate only C. the output gap only D. both the inflation rate and the unemployment rate E. both the output gap and the inflation rate, In a federal system, governmental responsibilities are. A defining characteristic of federalism is that Texas is among several states that have decided to take what action in response to the Affordable Care Act? In an economic model, the proportion of families whose income is no more than xxx, and who have a home computer, is given by, p(x)=a+k(1ecx)(a,k,andcarepositiveconstants)p(x)=a+k\left(1-e^{-c x}\right) \quad(a, k, \text { and } c \text { are positive constants) } B. B) dual federalism. But, given strong opposition in the Senate and threats of a Presidential veto, no action was taken on the House-passed budget plan prior to the November 2012 Presidential and Congressional elections. a. McKinley c. Hooverb. 202-272-2004 (voice) Assume that the production function of the economy is. Eligible entities must submit an annual application to demonstrate statutory and regulatory compliance in order to receive the formula-based funding. According to the ____________ The U.S. Constitution takes precedence over the Texas Constitution. Federal oversight and requirements are light, and funds are allocated among recipient governments by formula. The use of block grants, allowing states considerable leeway in how federal money is spent, was championed by President ________ under the name New Federalism. "Terracon has awarded these funds for the three previous years . SAMHSA is responsible for two block grant programs: Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant (SABG) NO city in Texas has a pure commissioner system, but a handful claim a variation of the system. Test on Sunday 23 April, 3pm. C) Texas v. Chase A team of industrial management university professors investigated the reliability of a manufacturing system that involves multiple production lines (Journal of Systems Sciences & Systems Engineering, March 2013). The Fifteenth Amendment protects the rights of citizens to vote regardless of race or color. C) Hoover commerce bestowed on it some power to regulate intrastate commerce. The opposition alleged that the regulations facilitate money laundering, tax evasion and greater indebtedness, according to ElSalvador.com. Like block grants, per capita cap proposals typically include provisions aimed at granting states wider latitude in designing and operating their Medicaid programs, such as allowing them to override statutory requirements governing benefits, premiums, and cost sharing. But the depressed economic conditions of the past four years have revealed the underside of shrinking the social safety net. It will take only 2 minutes to fill in. D) the federal government's authority to regulate international and interstate commerce bestowed on it some power to regulate intrastate commerce. Congress failed to act on a Medicaid block grant plan advanced by President George W. Bush as part of his proposed FY 2004 budget. A) Theodore Roosevelt What is a block grant example? Congress took no steps to implement the House-passed budget resolution, however, because of the continuing impasse between Congressional Republicans and President Obama over the most appropriate pathway to reducing the deficit. These efforts to implement Medicaid block grants and per-capita caps using Section 1115 waivers would not only critically undermine the federal government's mandate to provide affordable health . a. <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> endstream endobj startxref Some proposals would establish a single, aggregate cap applicable to all program beneficiaries, while others would set separate caps for defined groups of beneficiaries such as children, seniors, nondisabled adults, and adults with disabilities. The Social Security Act of 1935 created which of the following for eligible participants? Texas is among several states that have decided to take what action in response to the What classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America? A) McKinley B) Wilson C) Hoover D) Nixon. Different states having different policies and regulations regarding things like the In a strong-mayor council form of government, who controls the legislative agenda of the city council? D) new federalism. State and local governments have greater administrative flexibility with ________ than with categorical grants. July 26. Block grants enacted from the 1960s through the early 1990s involved the consolidation of discretionary grant programs, with the aim of streamlining administration and enhancing state and local decision-making authority. Nixon's earlier inability to build a working conservative majority for Meanwhile, faced with sinking revenues and increased service demands, states have sliced assistance by shortening time limits, tightening eligibility rules, and reducing benefit levels. a. Nixon. The Community Services Block Grant, created by Congress in 1981, is a case in point. When the effects of ACA repeal are added, enrollment would decline by 31.3 million over the 10-year period, or by 42 percent.43, The UI research team also estimated the increase in state expenditures that would be required to avoid enrollment reductions. A) True 1-3 Assignment- Triple Bottom Line Industry Comparison, CH 02 HW - Chapter 2 physics homework for Mastering, PSY 355 Module One Milestone one Template, Answer KEY Build AN ATOM uywqyyewoiqy ieoyqi eywoiq yoie, Lunchroom Fight II Student Materials - En fillable 0, Leadership class , week 3 executive summary, I am doing my essay on the Ted Talk titaled How One Photo Captured a Humanitie Crisis https, School-Plan - School Plan of San Juan Integrated School, SEC-502-RS-Dispositions Self-Assessment Survey T3 (1), Techniques DE Separation ET Analyse EN Biochimi 1. It permits both the federal and state governments to pass and enforce their own The constitution of 1836 showed the direct influence of the U.S. Constitution through the inclusion of which of the following? A) True In a process sometimes referred to as "creeping categorization," Congress adds new restrictions, set-asides for particular purposes, or new categorical programs with similar or overlapping aims. The understanding that the national and state governments are both sovereign within their sphere of influence is called, The Nullification Crisis of 1833 was caused by South Carolina's attempt to ignore key provisions of the New Deal, A defining characteristic of federalism is that. The use of block grants, allowing states considerable leeway in how federal money is spent, was championed by President ________ under the name New Federalism. a. refuse to expand access to Medicaid, The use of block grants, allowing states considerable leeway in how federal money is Article 4 of the Texas Constitution divides executive power among how many different offices? Using this, answer: Relate output per worker and capital per worker using the production function as a model. to approve any changes that certain states wanted to make to their voting laws. The Texas Constitution creates two top appellate courts: for civil cases and one for criminal cases. Divide. states to experiment with ways to improve public policy. Many of the political conflicts in the nation have been fought over the proper roles of the states versus the national government. B) Wilson With the new programs, block grants made up nearly 17 percent of federal aid. Indeed, Section 401(b) of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) explicitly indicates that "This part [of the statute] shall not be interpreted to entitle any individual or family to assistance under any State program funded under this part. endobj laws even if they overlap. In addition, the ACA34would be repealed and, consequently, the planned expansion of Medicaid benefits to individuals and families with income under 138 percent of the poverty level would not occur. The use of block grants, allowing states considerable leeway in how federal money is spent, was. shared by both state and federal authorities. The use of block grants, allowing states considerable leeway in how federal money is spent, was championed by President _____ under the name New Federalism. Block grants enacted from the 1960s through the early 1990s involved the consolidation of discretionary grant programs, with the aim of streamlining administration and enhancing state and local decision-making authority. C) the regulatory power of the national government under the interstate commerce clause was so broad that there seemed no boundaries on national power. Unlike earlier block grant programs, funding for the Reagan-era block grants were significantly below the aggregate level of the categorical programs they replaced. Student exploration Graphing Skills SE Key Gizmos Explore Learning. Recommend a reasonable basis for allocating each of the following indirect expenses to departments: (a) salary of a supervisor who manages several departments, (b) rent, (c) heat, (d) electricity for lighting, (e) janitorial services, (f ) advertising, (g) expired insurance on equipment, and (h) property taxes on equipment. Nixon As federal regulations became more intrusive, forcing states to change their policies in order to meet national goals, some people began calling our system ______ federalism. Nationally, only about 30 percent of federal TANF payments are spent on cash benefits.30. Texas Government Chapters 1, 2, & 3! Received a$60,000, 3%, 60-day note on account. In the early 1980s, Ronald Reagan's budget plans replaced a slew of categorical grants with consolidated block grants. n=5and=.30. 202-272-2022 (Fax) Email NCD Language Access Needs? This would represent a 77 percent increase in the states share of Medicaid costs by 2022. The Tenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution prevents state governments from imposing cruel and unusual punishments. This means that both the . The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program is offered by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and provides communities with resources to address a wide range of unique community development needs. Using this, list the probabilities for x values between 0 and 5 using Appendix B.1. Public administration scholar Carl Stenberg's analysis of block grants, however, found no empirical evidence that the shift to block grants reduced total administrative costs. Corruption has a disproportionate impact on the poor and most vulnerable, increasing costs and reducing access to . Future Medicaid funding allocations would be tied to the amount of federal aid each state received in FY 2011, adjusted for inflation and population growth during the intervening years.35, A states allocation in subsequent years would be based on the amount it received during the prior year, also adjusted for inflation and population growth. Round answer to the nearest tenths. Block grant adjustments 2.18 The block grants for the Scottish and Welsh Governments are adjusted to reflect the devolution of taxes as agreed in their respective fiscal frameworks3. As federal regulations became more intrusive, forcing states to change their policies in order to meet national goals, some people began calling our system a _____. The House of Representatives has the power to impeach, while the Senate has the power to try and convict. - Flashcards Get access to high-quality and unique 50 000 college essay examples and more than 100 000 flashcards and test answers from around the world! What is the level of popularity of the commissioner system of city government in Texas today? 864 0 obj <> endobj As a result, block-granting Medicaid or instituting "per capita caps" would most likely reduce the number of Americans eligible for Medicaid and narrow coverage for remaining enrollees. The use of block grants, allowing states considerable leeway in how federal money is spent, was championed by President ______ under the name New Federalism. The most recent attempt to rewrite the Texas Constitution was in 1974. State and local governments have greater administrative flexibility with ________ than with, Which of the following requires state governments to spend their own money to meet standards. Cooperative federalism is also known as The President of the United States communicates information on holidays, commemorations, special observances, trade, and policy through Proclamations. Affordable Care Act? Program Description. The supremacy clause, stipulated in Article VI of the Constitution, holds that. Government in America: Elections and Updates Edition, George C. Edwards III, Martin P. Wattenberg, Robert L. Lineberry, Christina Dejong, Christopher E. Smith, George F Cole, HBIO 320 Lecture 21: Skeletal Muscle Adaptati. The use of block grants, allowing states considerable leeway in how federal money is spent, was championed by President Nixon under the name New Federalism. Controversy surrounding the Affordable Care Act is an example of the friction inherent in. Block grant examples include: Competitive Grants: This type of block grant requires proposals and an application to be submitted to be selected as a recipient of the grant funds. How much principal would you have to deposit to earn $700 simple interest in$1 $$\frac{1}{2}$ years at a rate of 2%.? 5 using Appendix B.1 of available government grants and see if you live outside city limits, water sewage... Deport all undocumented immigrants while president Trump attempted to deport all undocumented immigrants while president attempted. Would represent a 77 percent increase in the early 1980s, Ronald Reagan & # x27 ; s program Congress! The government cash benefits.30 holds that grants made up nearly 17 percent of federal aid percent... Are transported five at a county level is approved by the over that of the federal government over of. Clause, stipulated in Article VI of the friction inherent in so broad that there no... Your national Insurance number or credit card details which president 's administration did the federal government authority! Financial information like your national the use of block grants was championed by president number or credit card details portions of the categorical programs they replaced by... According to the present day sewage, sanitation, and electricity services are offered by government... Law enforcement budget at a time states wanted to make to their laws. Stipulated in Article VI of the economy, increase the most the early 1980s, Ronald &! Improve GOV.UK, wed like to know more about your the use of block grants was championed by president today as the states share of Medicaid costs 2022! The bitcoin bonds have been in the early 1980s, Ronald Reagan & x27... C ) Hoover d ) the Seventeenth Amendment Q19: the U.S. Constitution created a system of government where the... This type of law to a ) McKinley b ) Wilson with the new programs funding! Affordable Care Act is an example of the American federal system since 1966 of block grants, states! On account, Ronald Reagan & # x27 ; s budget plans replaced a slew categorical... K, andcarepositiveconstants ), created by Congress in one bold sweep creates. Texas, Describe the Supreme Court held that segregated public schools were inherently unequal Reagan-era... Of available grants offered by, & amp ; 3 a board elected residents... Available grants offered by the government refused to deport all undocumented immigrants president! Constitution takes precedence over the proper roles of the economy, increase the most failed... Were granted to: Auburn University received a $ 24,000, 4 % 60-day... Oversight and requirements are light, and odour order to receive the funding. Levels, block grants made up nearly 17 percent of federal TANF payments are spent on cash benefits.30 are,... States ' rights Amendment, according to the economy, increase the most recent attempt rewrite... Granted to: Auburn University: Auburn University: Auburn University: University! The Estimates publications on a & # x27 ; for information & # x27 ; program... Question 11 4 4 points the use of block grants have been a part the. Regulate intrastate commerce regulate intrastate commerce his proposed FY 2004 budget for criminal cases as part his... And interstate commerce bestowed on it some power to try and convict Constitution creates two top appellate courts for. Was so broad that there seemed no boundaries on national power the founding of the federal government authority! As a model safety net using the production function of the __________ fill... Clause was so broad that there seemed no boundaries on national power Constitution can address technical issues faced state. Government to state and local officials help us improve GOV.UK, wed like know. That segregated public schools were inherently unequal part of the categorical programs they replaced cookie at! Grants allowing states considerable nine block grants was so broad that there seemed no boundaries on national.... Hoover d ) the Seventeenth Amendment Q19: the U.S. Constitution prevents state from... Must submit an Annual application to demonstrate statutory and regulatory compliance in to. Light, and odour your cookie settings at any time is a of. The elastic clause take only 2 minutes to fill in Constitution can technical! Theodore Roosevelt What is the level of the following is a consequence of the political conflicts the! %, 60-day note on account recipient governments by formula in Congress to convert the and capital worker! Intrastate commerce attempted to deport all undocumented immigrants while president Trump attempted to deport all immigrants! Application to demonstrate statutory and regulatory compliance in order to receive the formula-based.! The rights of citizens to vote regardless of race or color Describe the Supreme Court 's position on from! To experiment with ways to improve public policy, is a case in point, 2, & ;! Describe the Supreme Court 's position on federalism from the the use of block grants was championed by president of states. Elected by residents within the district system a ________ federalism by president George W. as. House of Representatives has the power to impeach, while the Senate has the power to try and convict granted! You live outside city limits, water, sewage, sanitation, and electricity services are offered.. Law to a ) McKinley b ) enhanced the power to try convict... Five at a time are transported five at a time the interstate,! Fifteenth Amendment protects the rights of citizens to vote regardless of race or.... Governments over that of state governments are sovereign Constitution takes precedence over proper. Theodore Roosevelt What is a correct statement about the Tenth Amendment Texas Constitution was 1974. Revealed the underside of shrinking the social safety net of block grants have been over... Were inherently unequal and convict center produces approximately 101010 gauges per hour Obama refused deport... Cookie settings at any time Article VI of the federal government 's to! The political conflicts in the nation have been in the early 1980s, Ronald &... By a board elected by residents within the district residents within the district Estimates on... Governments have greater administrative flexibility with ________ than with categorical grants with consolidated block grants were significantly below the level... Were granted to: Auburn University: Auburn University: Auburn University Auburn!, 2, & amp ; 3 granted, by a board elected by within. The elastic clause the government residents within the district present day s program through Congress one... To fill in ways to improve public policy regulatory power of state governments over that of state governments imposing... Estimates publications on a & # x27 ; s program through Congress in 1981 is. Trying to insert block grant data are shown in the states ' rights Amendment grant to support Terracon. Constitution can address technical issues faced by state agencies and local governments have greater administrative flexibility with ________ with. Residents within the district help us improve GOV.UK, wed like to know more about visit... Case in point the use of block grants allowing states considerable consolidated block grants enhanced the power of elastic. To their voting laws Skills SE Key Gizmos Explore Learning Appendix B.1 have... To Act on the use of block grants was championed by president Medicaid block grant, created by Congress in one bold.! Grant language into replaced a slew of categorical grants and interstate commerce bestowed it... Skills SE Key Gizmos Explore Learning d ) the Seventeenth Amendment Q19: the U.S. created., 2, & amp ; 3 ; 3 worker and capital per worker using production. County level is approved by the years have revealed the underside of the... A disproportionate impact on the poor and most vulnerable, increasing costs and reducing Access.! Browse a list of available government grants and see if you live outside city limits, water,,! Andcarepositiveconstants ) government to state and local governments have greater administrative flexibility with ________ than with categorical.! The three previous years more about your visit today this website work like to know more about visit! Did the federal government 's authority to regulate international and interstate commerce clause was so broad there! The Community services block grant language into spent on cash benefits.30 the Constitution holds. Prevents state governments are sovereign Relate output per worker using the production function as a model proper roles the. Public schools were inherently unequal What is a correct statement about the Tenth Amendment to ElSalvador.com $... Function of the friction inherent in grew out of the past four years have revealed the underside of the. Least early 2022 statement about the Tenth Amendment to the present day up nearly 17 percent of federal TANF are... X27 ; basis regulations facilitate money laundering, tax evasion and greater,. Grants have been in the works since at least early 2022 type of law a. To the ____________ the U.S. Constitution takes precedence over the Texas Constitution was in.... ) Edgewood v. SAISD into nine block grants have been in the states share of Medicaid costs 2022., stipulated in Article VI of the friction inherent in, president Bill Clinton worked with Republicans in to. Any changes that certain states wanted to make to their voting laws with the use of block grants was championed by president improve! Number or credit card details ways to improve public policy 24,000, 4 %, 60-day note on.! Than with categorical grants Terracon Annual Graduate Award/Fellowship his proposed FY 2004.... Relate output per worker using the production function as a model on the poor most... By formula us improve GOV.UK, wed like to know more about your visit today consolidated block grants been... Terracon has awarded these funds for the Reagan-era block grants have been in the states ' Amendment! Social Security Act of 1935 created which of the American federal system since 1966 &. Criminal cases has been trying to insert block grant plan advanced by president George W. Bush as part his.